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Architectural art style and characteristics of Hui Style Architecture
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In terms of the overall layout, Hui style architecture is close to the mountain, with exquisite conception and natural propriety; In the plane layout, the scale is flexible and changeable; In terms of spatial structure and utilization, it has rich shapes and pays attention to rhythmic characteristics. In the comprehensive application of architectural carving art, it integrates stone carving, wood carving and brick carving, which looks exquisite, simple, elegant and natural. Hui style architecture has superb construction skills, strong cultural connotation and local characteristics. In the process of its formation, it is affected by the unique geographical environment and humanistic concept, showing distinctive regional characteristics. From layout to color, it gives people a more unified style and appearance.
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The artistic style of Hui Style Architecture: natural, simple, secluded and elegant. It is not pretentious, imitates nature, conforms to the situation, does not follow the trend of the times, does not keep up with the times, adheres to the ancient system, adheres to the tradition, advocates Confucianism, accumulates Taoism and Buddhism, adheres to clan laws and regulations, worships Feng Shui, pursues simplicity and antiquity, so-called nature and antiquity; Implicit, elegant, dignified, solitary, elegant, solemn and noble, free from worldly customs, the so-called secluded and elegant.
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Hui style architecture features: blue bricks and black tiles, high walls and small windows, curved eaves, carved beam and flower windows, cornices and corridors. The harmonious combination of pink walls, green tiles, horse head walls, brick, wood and stone carvings, multi story courtyard, high ridge cornices, curved path corridors, pavilions and pavilions constitute the keynote of Hui style architecture. Hui Style ancient folk houses have magnificent scale, reasonable structure, coordinated layout and fresh and elegant style.
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The typical characteristics of folk houses in Hui style buildings are: green brick and black tile horse head wall, and falling flower lattice windows in the corridor. The structure of Huizhou Folk Houses is firm, most of which are paved with brick walls, wooden beams and square bricks.
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The interior of Huizhou Folk Houses is a wood structure building composed of columns, braces, beams, purlins, rafters and other components. Most of the beam brackets, melon columns, forks, sparrows and Dougong are carved and decorated with beautiful patterns and moldings.
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The appearance of Huizhou Folk Houses is quite unique. In addition to the low-rise and slope top forms of general ancient Chinese buildings, the architectural shape of Matou gable is emphatically adopted, the gables at both ends of the house are raised beyond the roof and ridge, and the roof is closed with horizontal linear gable eaves. In order to avoid the excessive height difference between the gable eaves and the roof, the form of gradually falling towards the eaves is adopted, which not only saves materials, but also makes the gable height staggered and full of changes.
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The structure of the ancient archway is rigorous, the layout is reasonable and the scale is large. Each beam and brace and each inlay are in line with the strength. In construction, we pay attention to site selection, modeling, carving and materials. There are different types of archways, including "ridge type" and "sky column" type; There are square four columns and eight columns, as well as "I-shaped" single door and three door ones; Some are decorated with carvings, which are exquisite and gorgeous, and others are flat cut and polished without carvings. They are arranged in seven or four rows,
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There are also three in a row.
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Brick carving is an architectural decoration formed by exquisite carving on the fine grey bricks rich in Huizhou. It is widely used in the gatehouse, door pocket, door lintel, eaves, roof, roof and other places of Huizhou style, making the buildings elegant and solemn. It is an important part of Hui Style Architectural Art rising since the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Brick carvings include flat carvings, relief carvings and three-dimensional carvings. The themes include feather flowers, dragons, tigers and lions, forest landscape, dramatic characters, etc., with strong folk color.
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With the passage of time and the changes of the world, Huizhou architecture has the ancient meaning witnessed by years and the profound color of folk art, which has edified and inspired future generations with beauty.
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